| Zoran Janković | |
|---|---|
| Mayor of Ljubljana | |
| In office 22 October 2006 – 21 December 2011 |
|
| Preceded by | Danica Simšič |
| Succeeded by | TBD |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 1 January 1953 Saraorci, Yugoslavia (now Serbia) |
| Political party | Positive Slovenia (2011–present) |
| Other political affiliations |
Independent (before 2006) Zoran Janković List (2006–2011) |
| Alma mater | University of Ljubljana |
Zoran Janković (Serbian: Зоран Јанковић) (born 1 January 1953), nicknamed Zoki, is a Slovenian businessman and politician who was mayor of Ljubljana from October 2006 till December 2011, when his function ceased after he became a deputy in the National Assembly. Since World War II, he was the first mayor of Ljubljana to serve his term twice. He has been the president of the Positive Slovenia party, which won the majority at the early Slovenian 2011 parliamentary election.[1]
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Janković was born in the village of Saraorci near the town of Smederevo in Serbia, then part of the Yugoslavia, to a Serb father and a Slovene mother. His parents moved to Slovenia for a better life, and left their son in poverty with his grandmother in Saraorci. In this time, his sister Jagoda was born. After finishing fourth grade of the primary school in 1964, he moved to Ljubljana so that he could learn English instead of Russian. He didn't know Slovenian at the time. In Ljubljana, he attended the Valentin Vodnik Primary School in Šiška and the Kette and Murn Primary School in Kodeljevo in the last grade. Then, he attended the Poljane High School, where he learned French. There, he met his wife Mija, the cousing of the politician Gregor Virant. In 1971, he entered the Faculty of Economics in Ljubljana, from which he graduated in 1980 with the thesis "Agricultural Goods Traders at Our Place" (Slovene: Prekupčevalci s kmetijskim blagom pri nas). During study, he built a house with the money he earned working for the AMD Moste (Auto-Moto Society Moste), with bookkeeping and with cargo transportation. In 1974, he married Mija and later had two children with her, Damijan and Jure.[2]
Janković started his career in 1978 in the investment sector of Post of Slovenia.[3] Since 1978 till 1984, he was a representative of the company Grič Zagreb, and was appointed the acting director of the tourism and trade company Mercator Investa in 1984. As the company sponsors the basketball club Smelt Olimpija, he became also the vice-president of the club.[2] Later, he became the general director of the company.[2] After the merge of Mercator Investa and Mercator Inženiring in 1988, he was not appointed the director of the joint company, so he left. Since 1988 till 1990, he was the vice-director of SOZD Emona and the acting director of Emona-VPS. In December 1988, he survived a severe car crash without major injuries.[2] In 1990, as he was not appointed the director of Emona, he founded the civil engineering and interior design company Electa and remained its director till 1997. He moved to Golovec where he jogged a lot. Electa sponsored several junior sports teams. Janković became the main sponsor in 1992 and the president of the handball club Krim, later renamed to HC Krim Electa. The club made extraordinary progress and then won the national handball cup for several years. In 1995, Janković stepped down from the position of the president of the club due to his dissatisfaction with the Ljubljana city distribution of money to clubs.[2][4] In 1996, he became the president of the Handball Federation of Slovenia. He retained the position till 2004.[2]
In 1995, Janković entered the Supervisory Board of Mercator as the representative of the Slovenian Compensation Company (Slovenska odškodninska družba, SOD), which was led at the time by Tone Rop, the then Slovenian Minister of Labour and the president of the Liberal Democracy of Slovenia (LDS). According to the magazine Mladina, the main lobbyist for the entry of Janković into Mercator was Peter Rigl, who was also member of LDS.[5]
In 1997, after the Supervisory Board of the Slovenian retail company Mercator deposed Kazimir Živko Pregelj as the chairman, due partly to the 2.5 billion tolars debt of the company, the board appointed Janković as the new director. In 2002, a recording by POP TV was published, in which Rop scolded at Janković that he himself had enabled Janković to enter Mercator. Both of them claimed later that the recording had been torn out of context, and that it had been about the entry into the supervisory board and not becoming the president of the company. According to Miran Goslar and Janković himself, the appointment was not politically motivated but made exclusively by influential managers in Mercator.[5] Goslar stated that not even one of the then politicians supported the appointment of Janković.[5]
The entry of Janković transformed the company Mercator to the biggest retail company in Slovenia and one of the biggest in the region. The company took over numerous companies, starting with Klas in 1998, and numerous others, among them the most controversial being the take-over of Emona Merkur.[6] In August 1999, the first Mercator hypermarket was opened in Šiška. Despite being a director, Janković actively helped his employees, for example with tidying shopping carts.[2] In December 2000, Mercator opened its shops abroad for the first time, in Pula and Sarajevo, and in 2002, the largest one in Beograd.[2]
In 1999, Janković became a member of the management board in the Chamber of Commerce and Industry of Slovenia (Gospodarska zbornica Slovenije, GZS), where he was appreciated as constructive and decisive.[2] In February 2001, Janković received a prize for extraordinary economic and business achievements by GZS.[2] In September 2001, an article is published in Delo describing Electa as being severely indebted, not paying its subcontractors, and making profit from business with Mercator. Several lawsuits were filed in but later withdrawn. Despite the accusations, Janković remained the director of Mercator and Electa fulfilled its obligations. In 2002, he was proclaimed the manager of the year by the management magazine Manager.[2]
In 2003, Janković started his second term in Mercator. During this term, he actively opposed the act restricting the use of alcohol that prohibited the sale of alcohol to the youth and to drunk people and the sale of alcohol after 9 pm. He also opposed the closure of shops on Sundays, which was in September 2003 supported on a referendum. The magazine Kapital bestowed him with the title "The best director 2003" (Naj direktor 2003). At the end of 2003, Mercator took over Živila.
In January 2004, Slovenia hosted the 2004 European Men's Handball Championship and Janković announced his candidacy for the president of the European Handball Federation. He was a favourite at first but fell out already after the first round.[7][8]
In 2005, SOD and KAD (Kapitalska družba) sold a little less than 30% of Mercator to two suppliers of Mercator, Istrabenz and Pivovarna Laško. On 15 November 2005, the new owners removed Janković from his position for non-culpable reasons and appointed Žiga Debeljak, the then financial director of Gorenje.[3][9] Janković later accused the then Prime Minister Janez Janša of having conspired to achieve his removal as part of a political deal with the new owners of Mercator.
Regarding Janković's allegations against the then Prime Minister Janša, a youtube video was released in which the former Prime Minister Anton Rop (then one of the leaders of the opposition) reproached Janković of telling only one side of the story and forgetting the fact that he was nominated as director of Mercator because of political influences.[10]
In September 2006, Janković announced his intent to run for the office of mayor of Ljubljana as an independent candidate. He was elected with a landslide in the first round on 22 October 2006, with almost 63% of the popular vote. His list won 23 out of 45 seats in the City Council, virtually guaranteeing the stability of his administration. He took the office on 17 November 2006. There were numerous campaign promises made before the elections – and many were completed in his 4-year term, including the most prominent one, the building of the Stožice Stadium, a new central football stadium and indoor sports arena, which was built in 2010, solving the decades old issue of Ljubljana not having such facilities.[11] On 10 October 2010, Janković was re-elected for another 4-year term, receiving almost 65% of the popular vote. His list won 25 out of 45 seats in the City Council. The downtown of Ljubljana has been significantly redesigned during his terms, and closed for traffic. However, the debt of the City Municipality of Ljubljana significantly increased.
In 2010, the daily newspaper Finance accused Janković of having abused his powers as mayor of Ljubljana to create economic benefits for his son.[12] At a celebration of his father's second victory at the Ljubljana local elections, Jure Janković publicly threatened the Finance journalist Jaka Elikan, who investigated and wrote about the alleged corruption of the Janković family.[13] Zoran Janković publicly reacted to the threat by rejecting any use of violence and apologizing for his son's words; at the same time, however, he accused the journalist of being excessively provocative.[14]
Following the media allegations of Janković's abuse of power to create economic benefit for his son Jure, an Investigation Commission was formed by the Slovenian National Assembly, headed by the opposition MP Alenka Jeraj. In its final report, the Commission stated that there is a reasonable suspicion that Zoran Janković abused his power as Mayor of Ljubljana.[15]
In an interview to the Croatian daily newspaper Večernji list in October 2010, Janković stated corruption is not an important problem in Slovenia; this statement caused some controversy in the Slovenian media,[16] and triggered a negative public response by the Commission for the Prevention of Corruption.[17]
On 11 October 2011, Janković announced his candidacy for Prime Minister with his own party, Positive Slovenia, to "make a better world for all Slovenians, beyond current political doctrines and practices".[18]
On 4 December 2011, Positive Slovenia won the election (as of 14 December, unofficially) with 28.51% of votes, thus gaining 28 seats out of 90 in the Slovenian National Assembly.
In 1998, the left liberal magazine Mladina accused him of having used his influence as businessman in order to secure his younger son's participation in the spring matura state exams, although he should have first passed two retake exams.[2]
In October 2011, when asked what made him decide to run for the Slovenian Parliamentary election, Janković replied that his final decision was made upon his wife's insistence that he should run in order to protect their children from unjust persecution.[19] The statement was made in regard of the Parliamentary Committee established by the Slovenian National Assembly in order to investigate Janković's alleged misuse of power as mayor of Ljubljana; his both sons were summoned to testify at the committee, both availing themselves with the right to silence.
Janković's alleged nepotism has become a source for political satire, especially by the popular comedian Denis Avdić.[20][21]
Media related to [//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Zoran_Jankovi%C4%87 Zoran Janković] at Wikimedia Commons
| Political offices | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by Danica Simšič |
Mayor of Ljubljana 2006–2011 |
Succeeded by Incumbent |
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